Neurological Role of Somatostatin Of the hypophysiotrophic hormones isolated so far, somatostatin has the most extensive extrahypothalamic distribution in other parts of the central nervous system and in extraneural structures, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. Since there is a relatively large amount of somatostatin in the brain, much effort has been made to determine its role in neural function, although no clear-cut generalisations have as yet emerged.